| Method | Typical SEC Reduction | Effect on Strength/Bulk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Radiation pretreatment (ETMP) | 25–40% | Faster tensile development | Strong evidence for spruce/aspen |
| Chemical softening (CTMP) | 20–40% | Maintains tensile, improves bulk | Depends on sulfite charge |
| Temperature optimization | 10–20% | Better fibrillation | Requires precise control |
| Consistency optimization | 5–15% | Stable tensile | Works best with soft sensors |
| Plate micro‑geometry tuning | 5–20% | Higher tensile at lower energy | Mill‑specific |
| Load distribution control | 5–10% | More uniform fiber treatment | Good for multi‑refiner lines |
Prometals Steel Grades Precision Metallurgy
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